![]() The matrix is treated with a chemical solution consisting of gum arabic and nitric acid, known as an “etch”, that helps to bond the greasy drawing material to the surface. The printer first sprinkles rosin on the surface to protect the drawing, then applies talc to the surface, which helps the chemical etch to lie more closely to the greasy particles of the drawing. Once the drawing is completed, the printer stabilizes the image for printing. ![]() The artist draws with a greasy material–using anything from chalk or crayon to liquid tusche applied with a brush–on to a prepared matrix of either limestone or an aluminum plate. Unlike woodcut and intaglio, lithography is a chemical medium, based on the principle that oil and water don’t mix. Lithography is one of the most direct printmaking techniques, and has the appearance of being as immediate as drawing on paper.
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